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A termite nest can be considered as being composed of two parts, the inanimate and the animate. The animate is all the termites living inside the colony, and the inanimate part is the structure itself, which can be constructed by the termites. Nests can be broadly separated into three main categories: subterranean (completely below ground), epigeal (protruding above the soil surface), and arboreal (built above ground, but always connected to the ground via shelter tubes).184 Epigeal nests (mounds) protrude from the earth with ground contact and are created from ground and mud.

Most termites construct underground colonies rather than multifunctional nests and mounds.186 Primitive termites of now nest in wooden constructions such as logs, stumps and the dead portions of trees, as did termites millions of years ago.184.

To build their nests, termites primarily use faeces, which have many desirable properties as a construction material. Other building materials include partly digested plant material, used in carton nests (arboreal nests built from faecal elements and timber ), and soil, used in subterranean nest and mound construction. Not many nests are visible, as many nests in tropical forests are situated underground.186 Species in the subfamily Apicotermitinae are good examples of subterranean nest builders, as they only reside inside tunnels.

Nests and mounds protect the termites' tender bodies against desiccation, mild, pathogens and parasites, in addition to providing a fortification against predators.188 Nests made from carton are particularly weak, and thus the inhabitants use counter-attack approaches against invading predators. .

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Arboreal carton nests of mangrove swamp-dwelling Nasutitermes are enriched in lignin and depleted in cellulose and xylans. This change is caused by bacterial decay in the intestine of the termites: they utilize their faeces as a carton building substance. Arboreal termites nests can account for as much as 2% of above ground carbon monoxide in Puerto Rican mangrove swamps.

Some species build complex nests known as polycalic nests; this habitat is known as polycalism. Polycalic species of termites sort multiple nests, or calies, connected by subterranean chambers.107 The termite genera Apicotermes and Trinervitermes are known to have polycalic species.191 Polycalic nests seem to be less frequent in mound-building species although polycalic arboreal nests have been found in a few species of Nasutitermes.191.

Nests are considered mounds if they protrude from the planet's surface. A mound provides termites exactly the exact same protection as a nest but is stronger.189 Mounds found in regions with torrential and continuous rainfall are at risk of mound erosion due to their clay-rich construction. Those made from carton can offer protection from the rain, and in fact can withstand large precipitation.

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By way of instance, Cubitermes colonies construct narrow tunnels used as strong points, as the diameter of the tunnels is little enough for soldiers to obstruct.192 A highly protected chamber, known as the"queens cell", houses the queen and king and can be used as a final line of defence. .

Species in the genus see post Macrotermes arguably build the most complex structures in the insect world, constructing see here now enormous mounds. These mounds are among the biggest in the world, reaching a height of 8 to 9 metres (26 to 29 ft ), and consist of chimneys, pinnacles and ridges.56 Another termite species, Amitermes meridionalis, can construct nests 3 to 4 metres (9 to 13 feet) high and 2.5 metres (8 ft ) wide.

The sculptured mounds sometimes have elaborate and distinctive types, like the ones of their compass termite (Amitermes meridionalis and A. laurensis), which assembles tall, wedge-shaped mounds using the long axis oriented about northsouth, which gives them their common name.194195 This orientation has been experimentally shown to help thermoregulation. The north-south orientation causes the internal temperature of a mound to increase quickly during the morning when avoiding overheating from the midday sun.

Termites construct shield tubes, also known as earthen tubes or sand tubes, that begin in the ground. These shield tubes can be found on walls and other structures.197 Constructed by termites during the night, a period of high humidity, these tubes offer protection to termites from potential predators, especially ants.198 Shelter tubes also provide high humidity and darkness and permit employees to accumulate food sources that cannot be obtained in any other manner.197 All these passageways are produced from dirt and faeces and are normally brown in color.

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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in diameter, but may extend dozens of yards in length.198.

Owing to their wood-eating customs, many termite species can do significant damage to unprotected buildings and other wooden structures.199 Termites adelaides best termite control company play an important role as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans happens where structures and landscapes containing structural timber components, cellulose derived structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a reliable source of food and moisture.200;Their habit of remaining concealed often results in their presence being undetected until the timbers are severely damaged, leaving a thin coating of a wall that protects them from the environment.201 Of the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause damage; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species possess an economic effect; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.